ONE WORD/ ONE SENTENCE- CIVICS

ONE WORD OR SENTENCE

Ques-In which year the environment( protection act) act was passed?

Ans- 1986

Ques-What does Article 15 of Indian constituents forbids?

Ans-The practice of untouchablity.

Ques-Who introduced  Hindu Child marriage act was introduced?

Ans-Rai sahib harbilas sarda.

Ques-Who wrote Annandmath/ writer of Annandmath?

Ans-Bankim Chandra.

Ques-Who launched civil disobedience movement was launched?

Ans-Mahatma Gandhi

Ques-What is known as Manchester of India?

Ans-Osaka

 Ques-What is known as golden fiber?

Ans-Cotton.

Ques-Viticulture is a cultivation of what?

Ans-Grapes

Ques-Name the project launched by government in 2002 to supply clean water to rural area….. most important question…

Ans-Swajaldhara project

Ques-Name the hillstations developed by the British?

Ans-Kashmir, Darjeeling

Ques-Name the term used for the ratio of number of economically non active people to number of economically active people?

Ans-Dependency ratio

Ques- What for factories act launched for?

Ans-To set the standard of safety.

Ques-Why labour is cheaper in developing countries?

Ans-Because of shortage of jobs.

Ques-The constitution grants the right to life in which article?

Ans-Article 21

Ques- A   special tax for funding a particular service?

Ans-Cess

Ques-Privatization of public facilities often leads to greater?

Ans-Efficiency

Ques-The most ancient inhabitants of our country?

Ans-Adivasis

Ques-The sachar committee recommended reservation for which community?

Ans-Muslim community

Ques-Which commission proposed the reservation of 27% seats and jobs for OBC?

Ans-Mandal commission

Ques-Name one dalit activist?

Ans-C K Janu

Ques-For whom the reservation policy of 15% of government jobs are for?

Ans-STs and  SCs

Ques-Tribals are allowed to use and sell forest products under which act?

Ans-Forest rights act.

Ques-Taking away the land of member of SCs/STs is punishable under which act?

Ans-Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes act

Ques-The practice of untouchablity is punishable under which act?

Ans-Civil rights act.

Ques-The influencial or generally accepted group is called?

Ans-Main stream

Ques-What is called- work without wages?

Ans-Slave labour

  Ques-Small group that are different fro majority in race, religion are called?

Ans-Minorities

Ques-The lowest caste who were considered untouchable under the caste system?

Ans-Dalit

Ques-Set out the maximum punishment that  can be given for each type of crime under which rule of law?

Ans-The Indian penal code

Ques-Who can one complain to if police refuses to register an FIR?

Ans-The superintendent of police/  human rights commission

Ques-Observer of a crime being committed is called?

Ans-Witness

Ques-Who files a charge sheet?

Ans-Police

Ques-Who issues a warrant?

Ans-Court

Ques-Who Presents the facts of a case in court is called?

Ans-Public prosecutor

Ques-Who represents the accused in court is called?

Ans-Defence lawyer

Ques-Give one example of cooperative industry?

Ans- Anand milk cooperative in Gujarat.

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DEFINE TERMS- 8TH CBSE- HISTORY- SA2

Define terms- History

Infanticide-

The crime of killing a baby.

Rampant-

Something bad spreading in such a way which is difficult to control.

Eradication-

To completely remove something.

Emancipation-

Liberation of downtrodden people like untouchables.

Discrimination-

Unfair treatment of a person or a group in society.

Humiliation-

To make somebody lose the respect of others.

Capitol-

A building occupied by a state legislature.

Reclamation-

The conversion of wasteland into land suitable for habitation.

Habitation-

Occupation of a dwelling place.

Communication-

The exchange of thoughts, ideas, or information.

Architecture-

Designing and erecting buildings.

Flora and fauna-

Plants and animals of a region.

Naturalism-

Portraying objects as they really are.

Mythological-

Based on traditional stories especially of god and goddesses.

Upsurge-

A rapid rise.

Commemorate-

To honour the memory of someone.

Reform-

To improve a system by bringing changes in it.

Boycott-

To refuse to buy a product or take part in an activity as a way of expressing strong disapproval.

Tyranny-

Unfair or cruel use of power or authority.

Satyagraha-

Holding firmly to truth.

Adamant-

Determined not to be persuaded about something.

Interim government-

Temporary government.

Ultimation-

A final warning to a person or country about something.

Aftermath-

The condition that exists as a result of an important incident.

Stagnation-

Period of no growth in the economy.

Rehabilitation-

To help somebody to settle.

Refugee-

A person forced to leave his or her house due to war.

Annex-

To take control of a country or region.

Preamble-

An introduction to a book or a written document.

Integrity-

The respect to territorial unity of a nation.

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DEFINE TERMS- CIVICS- 8th CLASS CBSE- SA-2

Define terms- civics

Offence-

An act of breaking the law.

Cognizable offence-

A serious offence for which one can be tried and punished with imprisonment.

First information report-

A written report of a crime registered by with the police.

Charge sheet

 A written document containing the accusation against  a person filed in a court by the police.

Warrant

Written permission of a court.

Bail-

A sum of money deposited as security to ensure that a person appears for a trail.

Public persecutor

Lawyer who represents the state

.

Defense lawyer-

Lawyer who defends the accused.

Minorities-

Small group  that are different from the majority community in a language, religion, race etc.

Ghettos-

It is pockets in urban areas that are inhabited mostly by the members of a minority community.

Adivasis- 

                 

Tribals, the most ancient inhabitants  of India.

Shifting agriculture-

A mode of cultivation in which a forest land is cleared, cultivated and then left to be regenerated by the natural process.

Dalits-

The lowest castes in the caste hierarchy, considered untouchables.

Slave labour-

Work without wages.

Vicious circle

An interconnected sequence of cause and effect.

Mainstream-

Influential or generally accepted group, views, fashion etc.

Sanitation-

Hygienic system of disposing of human excreta.

NGO-

Nongovernmental organizations or organization outside the government that are involved in social activities.

Tariff-

Fix rates or charges.

Cess-

A special tax.

Economic activities-

Activities related to the production, distribution and management of material things.

Consumer-

Users of goods and services

.

Labour courts-

Special courts dealing with disputes between individual workers and employers.

Convention-

Agreement or treaty also assembly or conference.

Consumer courts-

Special courts that deal with the complaints of consumers.

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DEFINE TERMS- CLASS 8TH - GEOGRAPHY- SA-2

Define terms-

Life expectancy-

Number of people expected to live the time he or she is born.

Dependency ratio-

This is the ratio of the number of economically non active people to the number of active people in the country.

Sex ratio-

 It is defined as the number of females per thousand males.

Subsistence agriculture-

Raising crops and rearing animals for use by family.

Collective agriculture

Farmer pool in resources for various farming activities.

Plantation agriculture-

Growing a crop on a large estates with huge capital investments.

Market gardening-

An intensive cash crop cultivation of vegetables, flowers or fruits.

Organic farming-

It involves using techniques to achieve good crop yields without harming the natural environment.

Sericulture-

Rearing of silkworms to obtain  silk for their cocoons.

Pisciculture-

Breeding of fish, crabs, prawn etc.

Horticulture-

Cultivation of ornamental plants, flowers, nuts on small plots of lands.

Manufacturing-

The process of changing raw materials into products.

Primary industries-

Industries involved in extracting resources from sea or land.

Territory industries-

Industries dealing with the services and distribution of manufactured goods.

Secondary industries-

Industries manufacturing things by processing raw materials  are called secondary industries.

Quaternary industries-

Industries which are concerned with technological research and development.

Agrobased industries-

Industries utilizing agricultural and animal based products as raw materials.

Mineral based industries-

Industries depending on mineral ores for raw materials.

Forest based industries-

Industries which utilize forest products as raw materials.

Marine based industries-

Sea/oceans provide raw material to these industries.  

           

Private sector industries-

Industries owned by individuals or firms.

Public sector industries-

Industries owned and operated by the government and its agencies.

Joint sector industries-

Industries owned jointly by the state and the individuals.

Cooperative sector industries-

Industries owned and operated by the producers  or suppliers of raw materials,workers or both.

Confluence-

A place where two streams or rivers meet.

Integrated iron and steel works-

A site where iron ore is processed  and steel is manufactured as well.

Population density

It is measured as the number of people per square kilometer of land.

Birth rate-

It refers to the number of live births per 1000 in the population in a year.

Death rate-

It refers to the number of deaths per 1000 in the population in a year.

Immigration-

It is the movement of people into a country to stay permanently.

Emigration-

When people move out of a country to take up permanent residence elsewhere.

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NCERT SOLUTIONS- REPRODUCTION IN ANMIALS- CHAPTER 9

Q- Explain the importance of reproduction in organisms?

Ans- Reproduction is very important for the organisms because it ensures the continuity of species generation after generation.

Q- Describe the process of fertilisation in human beings?

Ans- The first step in the process of reproduction is the fusion of a sperm and an ovum. For this to happen, million of sperms from the male are transferred into the female body. The sperms swim upto the oviduct with the help of their tails and reach the egg. When they come in contact with the egg, one of the sperm may fuse with the egg. Such fusion of the egg and sperm is called fertisation. During fertilisation , the nuclei of the sperm and the egg fuse to form a single nucleus.This results in the formation of egg or zygote.

Q- Differentiate between zygote and a foetus?

Ans-   Zygote                                                                                                 foetus

It is single celled.                                                                             It is multicellular.
Zygote  is formed by the fusion                                                        foetus is formed by the repeated
of male and female gametes                                                             division of embryo and differentiation.

Q- Define asexual reproduction. Describe two methods of asexual reproduction in animals?

Ans- The type of reproduction in which only one single parent is involved is called asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction may occur in many ways-

By budding- In hydra new individuals develop from buds. This process of asexual reproduction is called budding.

By binary fission- Amoeba reproduces by simply dividing itself into two. This type of asexual reproduction is called binary fission.

Q- In which type of female reproductive organ does the embryo get embedded.?

Ans- Uterus

Q- What is metamorphosis ? Give examples?

Ans- The drastic change that transforms a larva into  an adult is called metamorphosis. Egs- frog, silkworm, honeybee etc.

Q- Differentiate  between internal fertilisation and external fertilisation?

Internal fertilisation                            

Takes place inside the body of the female.                                  Takes place outside the body of the female.
Female lays either fertilized eggs or a complete                             female lays unfertilized egg.
individual is born.

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REPRODUCTION IN ANIMALS CHAPTER 9 CLASS 8TH

IMPORTANT KEYWORDS

Reproduction- It is the one of the important life process, which ensures the continuation of similar kinds of individuals generation after generation.

Sperms- the testes produce the male gametes called sperms.

Ova- Ovary produces females gametes called ova.

Uterus- It is the part of female reproductive system where development of embryo take place.

Fertilisation- The fusion of male gametes (sperms) and female gametes( ovum) is called fertilisation.

Zygote- During fertilisation the nuclei of the sperms and the egg are fused to form a single nucleus. This fertilised egg is called zygote.

Embroyo- The zygote divides repeatedly to give rise to a ball of cells. The cells begins to differentiate into various tissues. This developing structure is called an embryo.

Foetus-  The stage of the embryo in which all parts of the body are identifiable is known as foetus.

Bud- The outgrowth from the parent body that assumes the shape of the parent is called bud.

Binary fission-Amoeba reproduce by dividing into two. This type of asexual reproduction is called binary fission.

Sexual  reproduction- The reproduction resulting from the fusion of male gamete and female gamete is called sexual reproduction.

Internal fertilization- Fertilisation that take place inside the female body is called internal fertilisation.

External fertilisation- Fertilisation that take place outside the female body is called external fertilisation.

Oviparous- Animals which lay eggs are called oviparous.

Viviparous- Animals which give birth to young ones are called viviparous.

Budding- In this type of reproduction a bud arises from the parent body and as it matures it detaches itself from parent body to give rise to new organisms.

Metamorphosis- When a larva tranforms in adult through drastic changes is called metamorphosis.

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One word for HISTORY FOR SA -2

Q- Name the types of historical monuments?

Religious and secular

Q list the secular monuments?

Towers, havelis, palaces, forts, baolis

Q  List the religious monuments?

Temples and mosques

Q- A pattern on a design is called?

Motif

Q-A tall slender tower with onion shaped crown is called?

Minaret

Q- Highly decorative handwriting is called?

Calligraphy

Q- A self-supporting structure made of bricks or stone blocks and capable of carrying a superimposed load over an opening is called?

Arch

Q-A convex roof built over a building is called?

Dome

Q- Which temples constitute golden triangle of Orissa?

Bhubaneshwar, Konark, Puri

Lingaraj Temple- Bhubaneshwar

Jaganath temple- puri

Suntemple- konark

Q- What is the sun temple popularly known as?

Black pagoda

Q-Name the categories of architecture of the medieval period?

Imperial and Mughal style

Q- Which tomb ‘s architecture is mixture of Hindu and Muslim tradations of architecture?

Iltutmish’s tomb

Q- Who constructed Buland Darwaza?

Akbar

Q-  Confusion or lack of order is called?

Chaos

Q-A type of hand painted or block printed cotton textile is called?

 kalamkari

Q-The central stone of arch holding other piece in place is called?

keystone

Q-A kind of metal handicraft that originated in bidar, Karnataka in  14^th century is called?

Bidriware

Q- Sun temple is located in which city?

Konark

Q- The tuglaqs mostly used  which stone for their buildings?

Grey standstone

Q-The imperial style developed under the patronage of which reign?

Sultan of Delhi

Q- What is the hall of public audience in the red ford called?

Diwan –E- Aam

Q- What is the hall of private audience is the red fort called?

Diwan- E- Khas

Q- The flowering of mughal architecture took place under which 

ruler?

Akbar

Q- Under whose reign did the building of mosque reach to its zenith?

Shah jahan

Q- Who built Vijay Stumbh?

Maharana Kumbha

Q-Name the baoli near Qutub Minar?

Gandhak ki baoli

Q- Hyderabad was founded by which ruler?

Muhammad Quli Qutub Shah

Q- Name four type of towns?

·       Founded town

·       Port town

·       Capital

·       Temple

Q- Farming in which crops are grown enough to feed a family is 

called?

Subsistence agriculture

Q- A wall built to keep out the water from entering land at lower level is called?

Dykes

Q- The practice of covering the face to conceal it from man?

Parda

Q- Practice of having more than one wife is called?

Polygamy

Q- Name the Important festival of Gonds?

Dusshera

Q- Name the first king of Ahoms?

Sukhapa

Q- Who were expert in weaving and making carpet,shawls with sheep wool?

Gaddi

Q- Which region is home to the largest number of tribal communities in India?

North east

Q- Name the caste of Gonds?

Maria

Q- The Gond tribes are well known for their unique marriage system, name it?

Ghotul

Q- Name the largest tribal group in India?

Gonds

Q- Who introduced wet rice cultivation?

Ahomes

Q- The name given to Ahom kings?

Swargadeo

Q- The Ahom and the Mughal kingdom was separated by which river?

Manas river

Q- Who crossed the Patkai Mountains and reached Brahmaputra valley?

Sukhapa

Q- The Gaddi  tribes mostly lives in which state?

Himahcal Pradesh

Q- Hindu religious movement in which devotion towards one’s god is vital is called?

Bhakti

Q- Earnest attachment to a person, cause is called?

Devotion

Q- A person who is devoted to a religion is called?

Devotee

Q- A member of an ascetic, mystical and Muslim sect?

Sufi

Q- He received spiritual training from Ramananda?

Chaitanya mahaprabhu

Q- He popularized kirtans in India?

Chaitanya mahaprabhu

Q- What is Mira Bai songs called?

Padas

Q- Which saint was a cobbler?

Ravidas

Q- The Alwar were the followers of Vishnu and were called?

Vaishnavas

Q- Moinuddin chisti’s tomb is in which city?

Ajmer

Q- Who was Pioneer of bhakti movement in India?

Ramanuja

Q- Name the birth place of prophet Muhammad?

Mecca

Q- Who was called the child of Ram and Allah?

Kabir

Q- Who established four math ?

Shankaracharya

Q- Devotees of Shiva were called?

Shivities

Q- Name the book written by Tulsi Das?

Ram charitra manas

Q- Name the Nanak’s friend and disciple?

Mardana

Q- Simple poems sung by Alwar saints is called?

Pashuras

Q- Support given to a person or organization is called?

Patronage

Q- Connected with literature works?

Literary works

Q- A school representing a particular musical type is called?

Gharanas

Q- What is the temple dancers called?

Dev dasi

Q- Name the musician of Akbar court?

Tansen

Q- The dance favored by Mughals?

Kathak

Q- What is the court language of Mughals?

Persian language

Q- Name the Jahangir’s  favorite painter?

Abul Hasan

Q- Name a famous music of Bengal?

Bowl music

Q- Who  wrote Majnu laila?

Kabir

Q- Name the renowned musician in Humayuns court?

Baiju bawara

Q- Give an example of Mughal style of art?

Tuli nama

Q- Who is the author of Ramcharitmanas?

Tulsi das

Q- A king whose action is controlled by others is called?

Puppet king

Q- The coming of an important era or event is called?

Advent

Q- To carelessly waste money and time is called?

Squandered

Q- A series of rulers of single family is called?

Dynasty

Q- Different from each other is called?

Adverse

Q- The freedom of a country or region to govern itself is called?

Autonomy

Q-  The province was also know as granary of India?

Praries

Q- Who invaded India repeatedly?

Ahamad shah abdali

Q- Name the last peshwa?

Balaji Bajirao

Q- Sikh rose revolt against leadership of which leader?

Guru Govind Singh Ji

Q- Name the first peshwa?

Balaji vishwanath

Q-The name of shivaji standing army?

Paga

Q- Shivaji excelled which fighting skills in his attacks?

Guerilla

Q- He pioneered military use of rockets in India?

Tipu sultan

Q- He carried away peacock throne and Kohinoor from India to Persia?

Nadir shah

Q- What is the religion of Ahoms?

Hinduism

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